Production Startup
Mineral Water Production: From the Well to the Shelf
Mineral water differs from purified drinking water both legally and technologically: its natural composition must be preserved rather than improved. This changes the entire treatment process and the documentation requirements.
Mineral Water and Drinking Water Are Not Synonymous
Natural mineral water is bottled from a protected source while retaining its natural mineral composition. Only limited treatment is permitted: iron and sulfur removal, aeration, and adjustment of carbon dioxide content. Extensive demineralization is not permitted because it changes the product category.
Purified drinking water may undergo reverse osmosis followed by remineralization. This product has a consistent taste and is not affected by seasonal well fluctuations, but it cannot be labeled as natural mineral water.
The category must be selected before design begins because it determines the equipment, regulatory documentation, and retail positioning.
Project Stages
- 1
Hydrogeology
Reserve assessment, drilling or certification of an existing well, and a subsurface-use license.
- 2
Complete Water Analysis
Expanded seasonal testing: mineral content, trace elements, gas composition, and microbiology.
- 3
Category Definition
Natural mineral water, therapeutic table water, or purified drinking water. The category is recorded in the documentation.
- 4
Treatment Process
The minimum necessary treatment that preserves the natural composition.
- 5
Filling Line
Triblock for PET or glass, with a separate 19-liter line if required.
- 6
Certification and Startup
Product registration, production control program, and ramp-up to design capacity.
What Determines the Cost per Liter
| Cost Item | Share of Cost | How It Is Managed |
|---|---|---|
| Preform and cap | Largest | In-house blowing and reduced preform weight |
| Label and packaging | Medium | Switching to thinner film and optimizing the multipack format |
| Energy | Medium | Compressor with heat recovery and line automation |
| Water treatment | Low | Properly selected process without unnecessary stages |
| Labor | Depends on automation | Line automation level |
FAQ
How long does a greenfield startup take?
From hydrogeological work to the first shipment, the process usually takes 10-18 months, while manufacturing and installing the line accounts for only a small portion of that time. Most of the schedule is devoted to documentation and site preparation.
Does mineral water need to be carbonated?
Carbon dioxide acts as a natural preservative and is in demand on the market. A carbonator is usually included with the capability to produce a still version as well.
Which is more economical: PET or glass?
PET is less expensive and lighter for logistics, while glass supports premium positioning and pricing. Many manufacturers launch PET first and add glass in a second phase.
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